Adding-machine



A. EKMAN.

ADDING MACHINE.

1,358,427. I APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1919. NOV. 9,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

72% w ATM A. EKMAN. ADDING MACHINE.

APP LICATION FILED DEC. '0, 1919- 1,358,427. Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY A. EKMAN. ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I0, I919- 1,358,427, Patented N0v. 9, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

INVENTOR ATTORN EY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW EKMAN, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO ACCOUNTING MACHINE COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

Application filed. December 10, 1919. Serial No. 343,711.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW EKMAN, a subject of the King of Sweden, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to adding machines and more particularly to carrying mechanism for such machines whereby whenever 10 has been accumulated in one column a zero will be indicated in that column and 1 carried automatically to the column .of next higher order.

The principal object of the invention is to provide an eflicient carrying mechanism which is of strong durable construction and can be manufactured at a comparatively low cost.

Other features, objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description and appended claims.

The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification illustrate two embodiments of my invention. In the draw ings,

Figure 1 is a view in elevation of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a part of the same.

' Fig. 3 is a side elevation of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of the other embodiment.

In the forms of the invention shown I employa plurality of indicating or registering numerals'or accumulator wheels 1 arranged to rotate about the same horizontal axis. Each of these numeral wheels has secured thereto a pinion 2. To actuate each of these numeral Wheels I provide a sector 3 having its upper edge toothed so as to provide a rack adapted to mesh with the teeth in the corresponding pinion 2. The sectors 3 are mounted so as to be rotatable about the shaft 4 and also movable upwardly and down-' wardly with respect to the said shaft so as to permit the movement of the sectors into and out of mesh with the corresponding numeral or accumulator wheel pinions, the sectors in the construction shown being provided respectively with slots 5 through which the shaft 4 passes to permit such movement "of the sectors. For moving the'sectors about their axes suitable connections are provided between the sectors and the levers 6 which are mounted for rotation on shaft 4. To this end each lever, as shown, is provided with a pin or projection 7 which extends into an opening 8 in the corresponding sectors 3, this opening being of such shape as to permit the engagement and disengagement of the sector 3 and the corresponding pinion 2 and also a limited rotation between the sector and lever corresponding to the travel of the sector sufliciently to rotate the corresponding numeral wheel one tooth. A compression spring 9 is interposed between the upper arm of the lever 6 and the corresponding sector 3. This spring, asshown, is a helical spring which is supported at its ends upon projection 10 upon the lever 6 and projection l1 on the sector 3.

' The movement of the levers 6 and the up and down movement of the sectors 3 may be effected in any suitable way. In the drawings I have shown the invention as applied to the machine disclosed in the application of Edgar Maynard Camp, Ser. No. 338,600, filed Nov. 17, 1919. In said machine there is an operating shaft 12 which is arranged to oscillate the shaft 4 by suitable means (not shown). The latter shaft has secured thereto" at opposite ends cams 14 arranged to lift arms 15 to rotate the shaft 16 in an antishaft 16 having secured thereto adjacent its ends arms 17 which carry a bail 18 arranged in arcuate slots 19 provided in the respective levers and shaped to permit free oscillation of the sectors about the shaft 4. When the shaft 4 is rotated in an anti-clockwise direction, referring to Fig. 1, the bail 18 is lifted-and thereby lifts all of the sectors 3 into engagement with the corresponding numeral wheels. Suitable means, not shown, other than the cam 4 and its associated parts may be employed for holding the sectors in mesh with the numeral wheel pinions, as shown in the aforesaid application of Edgar Maynard Camp. While the sectors tend to move downwardly out of mesh by gravity I prefer to use spring 20 for insuring the movement ofjthe sectors downwardly out of mesh with the numeral wheel pinions at the proper moment. As shown, one end of spring 20 is applied to an upwardly extending arm 15*, integral with fastened to the frame of the machine.

For moving the sectors about the shaft 4 the desired amounts during the operation of accumulation 1 connect each sector 3 by a link 21 to an index slide 22 which, as shown,

5 is stepped so as to provide vertical stop faces 24, each one of which is adapted to engage the lower rear portion of a key stem 25 when a key is depressed. There are, as

shown, a number of keys 25 arranged in.

each column and there is a stop face 24 for each key in each column or bank except the uppermost key which corresponds to the number 9, it being understood that the keys beginning at the lower end of the column represent consecutively numerals from 1 to 9. The forward movement of the index slide-22 toward the 9 key may be limited by with the shaft 4 in an anti-clockwise direction foliowing the movement of the shaft 12 in the same direction, the springs 28 move thecorresponding index slides 22 forwardly until the latter are brought into engagement with their corresponding stops, depending upon which key is depressed. To prevent movement of the index slides forwardl in a manner to eflect the numeral whee s 1 when no key is depressed, there is provided' for each index slide an initial stop 31 coacting with the lateral projection 32 on the index slide. When a keyis depressed this stop is moved upwardly out of operative relatlon with respect to the projection 32 by a slide 33 which is movable forwardly upon the depression of a key by the co-action of a projection 35 on a key stem with an in-' clined or cam surface 34 upon the slide. A

7 spring 35 tends to hold each of the'initial stolp slides in. rear or inoperative position.

a or effecting the carrying from a numeral I wheel to the numeral wheel of the next higher order, I provide each numeral wheel with a cam 36 having'a cam face for each multi le of ten'numbers found around the perip ery. of the numeral wheel.

- device as shown twosetsof. ten numbers are provided around the periphery of each numeral wheel and each cam 36 is double ended, that is it is provided with a cam face 36? at each end. These cams rotate with the numeral wheels or dials in the 'ath of totaling dogs 37 which'have ears 38*. cut over into the path of the corresponding 66 cams 36. These' dog's' .37 are pivoted to oscilthe springs 9, the pins 7 being in engage- When the sectors reach In the.

assess? late about the axis of a shaft 39 and each has connected'thereto a hook 40' which is formed with a hook shaped lower portion I 42 normally engaging a lu 43 on the corresponding index sector. he hook 42 coacts with the sector for the numeral wheel to the left of that which carries the corresponding cam 36; so that when the cam 36 of any numeral wheel operates to effect the carrylng operation the hook 42 is released 5 for the sector of next higher order. A spring 42 tends to move lever 41 and hook 42 in an anti-clockwise direction into inoperative position.

In operation the sectors 3 having been properly indexed by the indexing mechanism including the key stems and index slides during the anti-clockwise movement of the shafts 12 and 4 and the sectors 3 having been moved into mesh with the pinions 2, during the return movement of the shafts 12 and 4 ma clockwise direction the bail 30 picks up and moves the levers 6 back toward their normal position shown in Fig. 1, .rotatin the numeral wheel pinions and corresponding numeral wheels distances depending upon the indexing on the key board by key stems 25. During this movement the sectors 3 are moved by the lever6 through ment with the left hand wall of opening 8.

I their normal posi-' tions they are held in position by the hooks 42 unless a carry. isto take place, the springs 9 having been'compressed and the projection '1 engagin the right hand edge of the opening 8. 1%, however, any of the hooks 42'have been released as described above to effect a carry to a particular numeral wheel, the corresponding sector 3 instead of being held by the hook 42 is permitted to rotate a-distancefarther, sufficient to rotate the corresponding numeral wheel one number. The additional movement 'of the sector to eflectthis carrying is. limited by the engagement of the left hand 'wall of the openin with the pin or'projection 7, as shown in ig. 3, which shows the mechanism immediately after a carry.

To restore the carrying levers 41 to their latched position with respect to the hooks 37,1 "provide a bail 50 arranged under the forward ends, of thellevers 41' and pivoted 1 for movement about the same axis as the numeral wheels. This bail which is nor- 180 mally lowered sufficiently to permit the desired movement of the carrying lever for the carrying operation, is arranged to be elevated at its forward end by co-action of the cam surface 14, with the rollers 50 on the forward portion of the bail. This movement of the lever causes its inclined rear edge 50' to cam the hook 37 rearwardly until the rear end of the lever has been lowered sufliciently to permit the hook to fall into latching engagement with the lever.

An alining bail 45 is pivoted at 46 and is connected intermediate its ends by links 47 -to the bail '18, the arrangement being such that whenever the sectors 3 are moved into mesh with the numeral wheel pinions the alining bail is moved out of mesh with said pinions and whenever the sectors 3 are moved downwardly out of engagement with the numeral wheel pinions the alining bail 45 is moved downwardly into operative position as shown in Fig. 1 between adjacent teeth of each of the numeral wheel pinions to thereby hold the latter in alinement;

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 I have provided novel means whereby during thetotaling operation the sectors may be moved directly up into mesh with the pinions of the numeral wheels without rotation of the sectors about the axis of the shaft 4. Such rotation, if it were permitted would interfere with the proper meshing of the sectors and the pinions and also with the disengagement of the alining bail 45.

In the device shown in Fig. 4 the construction and mounting of the numeral wheels, the sectors, the means for rotating the sectors and the means for effecting the added increment of movement of the sectors for the carrying operation are the same as in Fig. 1. In place, however, of the means shown in the said figure for elevating the sectors,I provide at the sides of the machine arms 53 pivoted for rotation about the axis of shaft 16, the said arms carrying the lifting bail 18 and each of said arms being also provided with a roller 54 which coacts with the adjacent cam 14 whereby the cams are adapted to lift said arms 53 and the sectors. Spring 26 connected at one end to arms 53 integral with arms 53 and at the other end to the frame of the machine tend to rotate said arms in a clockwise direction.

Pivoted to the cam 14 at 55 is an auxiliary cam 56 which has a lower portion 57 rest ing upon a roller 58 which is carried by a lever 59. The lever 59 is pivoted at 60 and has a forwardly extending arm 61 which is provided with projections 62 and 63 arranged respectively under the total key 64 j and subtotal key 65. A spring 66 tends to rotate the cam 56 about its pivot 55 so as to force the rear end of lever 59 downwardly and the forward end of said lever upwardly. The cam 56 is provided with a cam surface 67 which is arranged to coact with the roller 54 to lift the arm 53 and its sectors upon the rotation of the cam about the shaft 4 when the forward portion of the cam 56 is elevated as shown in Fig. 4 but to permit the cam 56 to move under the roller 67 without lifting the arms 53 and the sectors when the forward portion of the cam 56 is in lower or normal position. Pivotally mounted on the shaft 16 is a bail 68 adapted to be drawn forward by a spring 69 to engage under the surfaces 70 of the converging levers 6 to limit the anticlockwise movement thereof, referring to Fig. 4, when the forward portion of the cam 56 is in elevated position, as shown in Fig. 4. Said cam is provided with a forwardly extending part 71 which is adapted to engage the bail 68 when the forward portion of thecam 56 is moved downwardly, forcing said bail from under the surface 70 of the converging levers;

During the ordinary operation of accumulation when no total or subtotal is taken, the forward portion 'of the cam 56 is in its lowered position and does not effect the operation of engaging or disengaging the sectors and numeral wheels, the cam surface 67 being below the roller 54 and the part 71 holding the bail 68 out of operation. When, however, either the total or subtotal key is depressed in taking a total or subtotal the forward end of the cam 56 is elevated and the bail 68 engages under the surface 70 of the converging levers to thereby prevent rotation of the latter and of the sectors. The rotation of the shaft 4 and of the cams 14 and 15, however, takes place in an anticlockwise direction, the surface 67 wedging the roll 54 upwardly and causing the engagement of the sectors with the numeral wheel pinions. There is thus provided a portion of the movement of the shaft 4 and the cams carried thereby for causing the wedging action of the surface 67 upon the roller 54 without producing the objectionable rotation of the sectors during engagement of same with the numeral wheel pinions. When the said cams have rotated a predetermined extent, the part 71 of the cam 56 comes into engagement with the bail 68 and forces the latter out of engagement with the surfaces 70 of the converging le- P tit) While I have shown but two, embodiments of my invention it is to be understood that many modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what ll claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate difierent c ol'-' umns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, a shaft on which said actuators are mounted for pivotal movement and also movement into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, means including a lever pivoted for movement about the axis of said shaft for effecting the pivotal' movement of each of said actuators, means for effecting the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating means, and automatic means for effecting the pivotal movement of one ofsaid actuators and the corresponding movement of its indicating member a limited extent farther than normal when the indicat ing member ofthe next lower order has accumulated a predetermined amount.

2. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate difierent columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, a lever for moving each of said actuators to operate said members, each of said levers having a connection with the corresponding actuator permitting movement of the actuator into or out of operative relation to its indicating member, and automatic means for effecting a movement of one of said actuators and the corresponding movement of its indicating member a limited extent farther than normal when the indicating member of the next lower order has accumulated a predetermined amount.

3. The combination of a plurality of memhers arranged to indicate different columns tit-i of an accumulation, actuators for said members,-a lever for moving each of said actua tors to operate said members, each of said levers having a connection with the corre- 'sponding actuator permitting movement of the actuator into or out of operative relation to said lndicating members, and also permlttmg a llmited movement between the actuator and lever in the direction to move the corresponding indicating member, and automatic means for efiecting the movement of one of said actuators relatively to the cor responding lever to cause the movement of one of said actuators and the corresponding movement of its indicating member a limited extent farther than normal when the indicating member of the next lower order has accumulated a predetermined amount.

a. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate diflerent columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members,a lever -for moving each of said actuators to operate said members, each of said levers having a connection with the corresponding actuator permitting movement of the actuator into or out of operative relation to said indicating members, and also permitting a limited movement between the actuator and lever in the direction to move the corresponding indicating memher, a spring tending to hold each actuator and its lever in predetermined relative position in the direction of said limited movement, and means controlling the movement of the actuators relatively to the corresponding levers to cause the movement of one of sald actuators and the corresponding movement of its indicating member a limited extent farther than normal when the indicating member of the next lower order has accumulated a predetermined amount.

5. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate diflerent columns of an accumulation, actuators for'said members, a lever for moving each of said actuators to operate said members, each of said levers having a connection with the corresponding actuator permitting movement of the actuator into or out of operative relation to said indicating members, and also permit ting a limited movement between the actuator and lever in the direction to move the 6. The combination of a plurality of mem bers arranged to indicate difierent columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, means for moving said actuators to cause said indicating members to move a desired extent, means tending to automatically cause said actuators to assume a predetermined position relatively to said last named moving means, a carrying lever provided with means for resisting such automatic means, and tending normally to move said resisting means away from operative position means for normally holding said lever against such movement, and means for releasing said holding means.

7. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, means for alining said indicating members arranged to be moved into or out of operative position When said actuators are respectively moved out of and into operative relation to said indicating members,'means for moving said actuators to cause said indicating members to move a desired extent, means tending to automatically cause said actuators to assume a predetermined position relatively to said last named moving means, a carrying latch lever provided With means for resisting such automatic means, and tending normally to move saidpreventing means away from op-.

erative position, means for normally holding said lever against such movement, and means for releasing said holding means.

8. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, during accumulation, other means for causing said actuators tomove into and out of operative relation to said indicating members during the taking of a total or subtotal, common operating means for both or; the aforemen tioned means, means for preventing movement of said actuators in adirection to oper-- ate said indicating members during the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said members in the taking of a total, and means for rendering said greventing means inoperative.

9. a he combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate different colums of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing the movement of said actuators into and out'of operative relation to said indicating members, during accumulation, other means comprising a cam for causing said actuators to move into and out of operative relation to said indicating member during the taking of a total or subtotal, common operating means for both of the aforementioned means, means preventing movement of said actuators in a direc tion to operate said indicating members during the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said members during the taking of a total or subtotal, and means for rendering said preventing means inoperative.

10. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing-the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, during accumulation, other means comprising a cam for causing said actuators to move a into and out of operative relation to said indicating member during the taking of a total or subtotal, said cam being mounted for movement into and out of operative position, means preventing movement of said actuators in a direction to operate said indicating members during the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said members,- andmeans for rendering said preventing means inoperative.

' 11. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, means for causing the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said indicating members, during accumulation, other means including a cam for causing said actuators to move into and out of operative relation to said indicating members during the taking of a total or subtotal, means preventing movement of said actuators in a direction to operate said indicating members during the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said members, and means connected to said cam for rendering said preventing means inoperative.

12. The combination of a plurality of! members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, a total'key means for causing said actuators to move into and out of operative relation to said indicating members during the taking of a total, means rendered operative by the operation of said key for preventing movement of said actuators in a direction to operate said indicating members during the movement of said actuators into and out of operative relation to said members, and automatic means for rendering said preventing means inoperative.

13. The combination of a plurality of members arranged to indicate difierent co lumns of an accumulation, actuators for sald members, means comprising a cam for causing said actuators to move into and out of operative relation to said 1nd1cat1n member during the taking of a total or su stotal,

said cam being mounted for movement into members arranged to indicate different columns of an accumulation, actuators for said members, a shaft on which said actuators are mounted for pivotal movement and for movement into and o'ut'of engagement with said indicatingmembers, means including a lever pivoted for movement about the axis of said shaft for effecting the pivotal movement of each of said actuators, and automatic means for efl'ecting the pivotal movehaving a connection with the corresponding actuator permitting movement of the actuator into or out of operative relation to said indicating members, and also permitting a limited movement between the actuator and operating member in the direction to move the corresponding indicating member, means tending to hold each actuator and its operating member in predetermined relative position in the direction of said limited movement, and means controlling the movement of the actuators relatively to the corresponding operating members to cause the movement of one of said actuators and the corresponding movement of its indicating member a limited extent farther than normal when the indicating member of the next lower order has accumulated a prede-- termined amount. a

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ANDREW EKMAN. 

